MacGyvering 101 (Part 2 of 3) : Necessity is the mother of invention

When you need something that you can no longer scavenge or barter for, what will you do. The battery powered lighter in the picture represents the very best in human ingenuity. Would you have thought of that? Many people wouldn’t, and if you didn’t, its nothing to be ashamed of. There are common solutions to everyday problems that people never think of. This article will attempt to help you learn that only one tool is necessary for survival, your brain.
Most people think that the square block goes in the square hole, but thats not always true. Things always have more than one purpose, and the solutions to problem you face aren’t always going to be blatantly apparent.
Guns:
We’ll agree that firearms will be the primary weapon of defense against zombies and human marauders alike, but what if you don’t have a gun?
“Well, I’d go out and find one!” would be the most common response. Why spend days searching for a gun and risking your life if you can make a gun at home? Yes, thats right, make one at home. I’d have never believed this was truely possible if I hadn’t seen it for myself. (Besides a simple zip gun) A friend of mine made a muzzle loader from common household items.
Items needed:
3 foot section of 1/2 inch diameter steel pipe (the thicker the better)
1 end cap for 1/2 inch diameter pipe
3 foot section of 2×4
1 mouse trap
1 lead weight (1 oz.)
2 screw tightened hose clamps
Tools needed:
Hammer
Nail
Pliers
Pocket knife
He used the hammer and nail to make the hole in the pipe to accept the primers, then whittled a stock and channel in the 2×4 for the barrel, next he mounted the wire from the mouse trap to the 2×4, used the pliers to cut the tip off the nail, hammered it into the lead weight, used the pliers to squish the lead weight onto the wire from the mouse trap to form a striker(firing pin), inserted the barrel, and clamped it all together. Using black powder propellant and peat gravel, I watched this fool take out a turkey. He had fired the homemade shotgun several times with no ill effects to the barrel(pipe) at all. The only thing that he ever really needed to make it work were primers, which can be found in every kind of cartridge ammo on the planet. If you want, look up how to make black powder, I’ve already said too much about this.
Now that you have your weapon, it’ll work fine in the day light, but how will you see at night? Nightvision goggles are not going to be the norm, and fire can get a little out of hand sometimes, so what will you do? There are a LOT of ways to produce electricity that most people never think of. Think for a minute, how can you make electricity? One thing that will be in abundance after the apocalypse will be abandoned cars. How do cars get their electricity? Batteries that are recharged by an alternator. GASP! Car alternators can be used to create electricity! Sadly, car alternators produce direct current, which won’t power most of the things in your home, but with the help of a power inverter you can harness the electricity produced by the alternator to charge a battery, which can then run to the inverter, and be used to power home devices. Enough blabbering, lets look at some examples.
Steam power:
Used in the 1800s steam was a relatively easy way to power trains, and to help automate factories, but the average person had no idea how to create or employ a steam engine. Much the same can be said today. Building a boiler, and making a steam engine to turn your alternator is as simple as going to your local junk yard.
Materials needed:
1 car alternator, ones from large trucks are best
1 car air conditioner motor, ones from older cars are best, like the General Motors “Frigidaire” models for Buick’s and Cadillac’s.
1 55 gallon steel drum (the ones with the ends welded or seamed on, not with the lids that pop on and off)
3/4 inch fittings(Couplers, 90 degree elbows, and female to male adaptor)
3/4 inch steel pipe (Up to 10 feet, copper pipe can also be used)
about 40 concrete blocks
2 bags of quickcrete
general purpose automotive “V” belt
Water
Wood to build a mount for the alternator and AC motor
nails
Tools needed:
Trowel
pipe wrench
hammer
saw
metal saw(Hack saw)
shovel
pipe threader
The first thing you need to do is wash out your 55 gallon barrel and let it dry. Next, you’re going to level a spot in your compound and build a “U” shaped supporting wall that will suspend your boiler(55 gallon drum) over the ground. Use a level if you have one to make sure that you laid all of your blocks level, if you don’t have one, a string pulled tight between two sticks in the ground can be used as a guide. When building it, make sure you make it the complete length of the barrel, plus 1.5 feet. Make it tall enough and wide enough to hold the barrel about 1-1.5 feet off the ground, this will enable you to build a fire and have proper air circulation under your barrel/boiler. There should be 2 bung caps on the top of the barrel. One large and one small. The smaller one should be 3/4 inch in diameter. This is smaller hole will be your steam vent and should be located at the top dead center of the barrel when you mount it atop your fire bed. Fill the barrel about 1/4 of the way full as it lays horizontal atop the fire bed. Next you’ll want to build your table to mount the alternator and AC motor. After building it, mount your alternator and AC motor and run the “V” belt between them, making sure that the belt is tight as possible before you mount them permanently. Place your generator table as near to the boiler as you can, then measure and cut your pipes to join them. You’ll take your female to male adaptor and screw it into the small bung hole, then run it to your AC motor. The exhaust hole on the AC motor is where you want to pipe in your steam from the boiler, and what would normally be the “In” hole, will be your steam exhaust port. Pipe your exhaust steam away from the motor and alternator, or you can pipe it back to the top of the boiler via a return pipe into a sealed hole so its more efficient, but its not necessary. Also, you’ll have to engage the clutch on the motor so it will run in reverse, thus actually turning the motor, and turning the alternator, producing a current to charge a car battery bank. Link the battery bank to the inverter, and you can power your house by using extension cords and power strips.
Water power:
Used for centuries by lots of countries, water powered countless mills and other industry before electricity. You can also use it to produce electricity. You don’t need a dam, just a source of flowing water. Build a water wheel, and use it to turn a shaft with a pulley on the end, run the pulley from the wheel to the alternator with a belt and link it to a battery bank just like the steam powered engine used.
Human power:
Instead of the water wheel, build whats essentially a giant hamster wheel, use it to turn a shaft and you’ll have power just like the water wheel. Also, in a twist of fate, you can use zombies to your advantage if you enclose your hamster wheel with a zombie inside. Zombies don’t get tired, so you won’t have to worry about them stopping as long as you stay nearby, thus enticing them to move.
Just use your head, and you can come out on top of most any situation. Keep checking, there’s more to come in part 3!
Comments (25)







McLuvin on 27 May 2010 at 7:52 pm #
Some interesting ideas. I think anyone with a the ability to scavenge the ingredients to make a homemade gun could just as easily scavenge an actual gun. The power ideas are cool though.
Semper Cogitant on 28 May 2010 at 4:45 pm #
The best plan for guns of course is to own several and know where to get more. Load your own ammunition and keep plenty of supplies on hand.
But, there are people for who that might no be possible, or you might be caught away from any available guns, so a plan like this is something you really want to be capable of. A source of powder and projectiles would be important. Improvising ball is easy of course, improvising power is harder, but if you have a source for the materials nearby it’s doable for most folks.
Improvising power of course is going to be very important. Here in the Pacific Northwest using water for mechanical power and for electricity will be easy, we’ve got more of the stuff than we know what to do with.
Steam power is also a very good thing to be able to improvise, and any hardware store will have what you need laying around. Just be sure to use a very strong container and connections. Boiler accidents can be seriously fatal.
Another important thing to know for power is how to make diesel fuel (easy), and how to work on small diesel engines (one of my own weak points I’m afraid). You could possibly even render obese zombies to make fuel, gruesome and dangerous work to be sure.
One thing I’d add about power, is to forget about AC, you really don’t need it and it just makes more work for you. You can really do everything you’ll need to with DC. Also, learn how to use batteries in series in parallel to get the energy you need. Knowing about electricity will be important for survival.
Once again, great series Angryvikingman.
sean on 28 May 2010 at 7:05 pm #
wind power works well for alternator generators
pvc pipe cut into blade shapes are attached to the alternator generating electricity when they are spun, depending on where you live and how much wind you recieve, a smaller motorcycle alternator may work better but still generate constant power, also solar panels can be fabricated easily enough if you can scavenge solar cells.
Ronin666 on 29 May 2010 at 6:03 am #
I like the steam idea, I’d be tempted to put in a blow off valve of some sort just to be on the safe side tho, I don’t know if the ones off air compressors would be usable but it’s the first thing that comes to mind as being easy to find.
Angryvikingman on 29 May 2010 at 4:43 pm #
Solar was something that I left out because it can take some specialized training for installing it or joining the cells without destroying them as it requires soldering, unless you buy premade panels. If you stumble across a lage supply of panels, then by all means use them, I was just writing about things that can be obtained and built the easiest. I omitted wind power because not all locations can be used to haress wind. Most areas however, have multiple streams for use. (Except desert) And steam power can be used anywhere.
As for the parallel wired battery bank, I mentioned it, but didn’t go into detail because I figured it was something that people could look up themselves, and people’s attention span seems to drop off if I do a really long article, which I’m prone to do because I can talk all day about stuff like this.
As for steam being dangerous, a 55 gallon drum is a relatively low pressure vessel, and if it fails, then its not going to make a huge explosion. You can install a pressure blow off valve from a hot water heater if you’re overly concerned about explosions. All you really have to do is regulate your heat source to limit the amount of steam accumulation and overpressurization shouldn’t be a problem if you’re not using a completely pressurized system. My article is about just that, it doesn’t have a steam return, so all the pressure will be vented through the motor and exhaust pipe. I did mention that you could make it completely pressurized, but if you did, it’d be best to use a radiator or condensor coil to cool the steam back into water before you reintroduced it into the system again, and you’d definately need a blow off valve if you did it that way. Its more efficient, as well as more dangerous.
Angryvikingman on 29 May 2010 at 4:52 pm #
One more note about DC and AC power. I’d be hard for most people to find 12 volt items to run off of DC power. A power inverter allows you to be able to use more readily available things. If you want to raid an RV place for all of your 12 volt appliances, by all means go ahead, but you can get invertors at walmart, almost any hardware store, truck stops, and electronics stores. Get a few if you’re gonna use them constantly, because they can wear out. A lot of inverters also have a meter on them to let you know if you’re dipping below 12 volts and draining your batteries. If you tax them too much, you can kill them completely.
Ronin666 on 30 May 2010 at 10:46 pm #
Actually I can’t think of much that I would need to run off AC power in SHTF situation. While it would be nice to have a refrigerator I don’t NEED one, everything else I can think of I can run on 12V or do without.
I have a little solar charger that has 6 and 12 V outlets as well as USB and a car lighter socket, it will trickle charge the car battery or keep anything else charged.
A word about generators, if your going to be buying a generator check that it has a “Pure Seine” wave if your going to be running electronics off it. I’ve seen laptops and even a cordless drill charger killed by a cheap generator.
Angryvikingman on 31 May 2010 at 8:56 am #
Yeah, thats why I suggested using an inverter off the battery bank. It won’t fry anything like that.
Semper Cogitant on 31 May 2010 at 5:37 pm #
I would say if you need AC power then you’d likely be better off using an inverter and a DC source, you can easily recharge a battery pack with solar or mechanical power.
If you have a modern, decent generator that you’re sure has pure sine wave AC then it’s safe to use with your electronics, but if your not sure and don’t have or can’t use an oscilloscope, it’d be risky.
The other big problem with a generator is fuel. Gasoline doesn’t last forever and they won’t be making more. What there is will be extremely valuable. You can easily make diesel if you have a diesel generator, but those are bigger and much more expensive.
For my part I’d just forget about the one desktop I have and the big freezer and refrigerator. The rest of my computers are notebooks and designed to work on DC, I have a fridge in my trailer that is AC/DC/Propane.
Perhaps it’s better saved for a different MacGyver section, but if you can compress air, you can make ice, digging a good root cellar and making your own ice when needed, will make the big refrigerator and freezer (huge users of AC power) unnecessary.
Jordan on 01 Jun 2010 at 6:58 pm #
I’m thinking the giant hamster wheel is a bit much. Wouldn’t setting up pedals be easier, and take up less space? If you’ve got the stationary bike, why not hook the alternator up too that? As for the alternator, any electric motor can be turned into a dynamo. For example Popular Science suggested using winch motors specifically for the zombie apocalypse. Unless you buy an alternator to turn into a generator aren’t you killing a potentially useful vehicle?
Aside from lights to see, pumps for water, heating elements to cook, and radios for communication all of which can be fashioned in 12v dc What other electrical devices are you operating? Are they relevant essentials for survival? I could see maintaining a computer in an attempt to communicate via internet, but will that continue to function reliably?
Jordan on 01 Jun 2010 at 7:03 pm #
As for the homemade gun. I strongly advise against it.
It is LEGAL in the US to make a muzzle loader, even if your a convicted felon, but a safer and simpler alternative would be a bow or crossbow type weapon.
I personally dislike “stick throwing” in any form but practice with friends occasionally just to round out my own personal skill set. I recommend all to do the same.
Semper Cogitant on 01 Jun 2010 at 7:49 pm #
A muzzle loader is slow, takes more skill and more knowledge than a modern firearm, and black powder is probably more difficult to obtain after the zombies come that modern firearms and ammunition would be.
Regardless, knowing how to build one and use one is a good survival skill to have, in face this column has inspired me to build one (from a kit thought, not from scratch). IF you have access to the supplies after the zombies comes, a muzzle loader might be usable for sniping from a secure location, or for hunting for food. Most of us won’t have access to the supplies though.
With care and planning, and if you have access to the parts, this can even be scaled up. I have a great picture in my mind of a column of grape shot ripping through a hoard of zombies from a home made cannon. Not very practical, but a nice image.
As for the use of a computer, I would want to have some in my secure location. Besides being usable for entertainment I would use it for writing, mapping, keeping track of information. While the internet won;t last long there are other ways for computers to talk over distance. As a ham there are digital over the air digital modes I can use to exchange information, even pictures and data with other survivors around the world with the same capability.
Angryvikingman on 01 Jun 2010 at 11:25 pm #
Personally, I’d like something that would keep moving all night and I didn’t have to power it myself. Like the water wheel. As for disabling a “potentially” useful vehicle, if there are shit tons of them everywhere, who cares if I rip an alternator out of a random car. And alternators are already designed to produce energy, so no modification needed. If you want to make insane amounts of power at one time, you can rig the water wheel to a long shaft that will turn many belts that will run many alternators. Trust me, I would definately build a power station, if only to have the power for air conditioning and to watch DVDs. Of course powering my perimeter lights, and crap like that would be a high priority as well. The bicycle method would work for small scale, but if you’re ever to rebuild society you’d need a larger power supply.
..desert.. on 02 Jun 2010 at 3:58 am #
wood gas is the way to go once you find out how to make a generator and make a few its easy, this form of power was used by the Nazis to power their cars as all of the fuel was going to the war and it is as simple to install in a car as replacing the fuel injection system. it can easy power a pickup truck. the downsides is that it is hard to start most of them(even with a frekin oxy torch) but still the best by far in my opinion and novices should find it easy to power a 50cc generator with the proper tools.
my pack also contains a usb hand crank $4, a usb charging torch-radio that is solar powered and crank powered $20 and a cheap crank torch that doesnt really work once you stop squeezing it but i have tht and i like it $2
McLuvin on 02 Jun 2010 at 9:04 pm #
Semper you would probably have a hard time “sniping” anything with a homemade firearm.
If you miraculously had the supplies on hand to make black powder and fashioned a weapon out of wood and pipe it would be one of the least accurate firearms ever made. No rifling in the barrel along with ill fitting projectiles would make it an extremely short range affair.
Semper Cogitant on 04 Jun 2010 at 8:30 am #
McLuvin, certainly sniping with a homemade firearm would not work, that’s not what I said though. Sniping from a secure position, or hunting for food, if you had the supplies, might be a good use for a muzzle loader. A real one, with a rifled barrel.
The home made out of pipe and such doesn’t have much practical use, but the skills to build one, and to make black powder, do. It wouldn’t be a miracle to have potassium nitrate and sulfur on hand, any gardening place would have plenty of what you need. Still, the homemade version is not much more than a scatter gun, too slow and too short range to be of use in most situations.
As I said, it’s be easier to just get modern weapons if you found yourself unarmed after the zombies come. It’s unlikely that I would ever make an improvised firearm, but I’m certainly glad to know how it’s done.
Jordan on 06 Jun 2010 at 9:40 am #
If your pulling the alternator from random vehicles then, hell yeah it would be a lot more effective at generating power. I’m thinking it would take one mother of a water wheel or a high pressure flow to get one to run more than a few alternators on a shaft. I like the idea of A/C, cant believe I didn’t think of that. That brings up another topic though, sound proofing. How to muffle the A/C would be one of my top priorities.
Does any one here know how to sound proof a house? Is it like it is in the movies? Just egg crates, foam, etc. all stapled to the walls and stuff?
Angryvikingman on 06 Jun 2010 at 9:47 pm #
@Jordan
Nah, using a large water wheel generates a LOT of force, couple that with a large shaft pulley to the small diameter pulley and even a slow turn of the water wheel will spin the small pulley fast enough to make a lot of power.
Jordan on 07 Jun 2010 at 3:42 pm #
Ive only ever worked on big diesel engines. The alternators they took a lot of torque to get moving, that’s why I asked. I don’t know about up in Tennessee, but here in Florida we’ve got these weather and water monitoring stations. The place is lousy with em, and they’ve all got solar panels and transmitters. They gather data and transmit 24/7. I’m thinking they’d be a viable source of silent power. There way the hell out in the middle of nowhere along canals and rivers making them an easy item to grab without being spotted by the living dead.
I would say that water wheels would work only in a few places down here. Most rivers don’t have a lot of prime real-estate for their construction. I would imagine actually having topographical features probably helps.
Whats your take on this?
Arron on 18 Jun 2010 at 5:04 am #
I would get some drive shafts and set them for high torque and low RPM.
and set up 3 main shafts. two for electricity and one for mechanical stuff (because it would be wasteful to run a motor off of a generator).
the first drive shaft would be for DC electricity (for things like lighting and heating and radios and maybe a laptop for maps and stuff)
the second would be for AC power. the drive shaft would only be connected when it needs to. for things like electric fences, ham radio equipment (like a big tower), and generally any necessity that can’t be run on DC, or hacked to be run on DC (a lot of electronics that looks directly wired actually has an internal transformer).
the third shaft would be for things like water pumps.
because you really need to be efficient when SHTF.
Velesam on 24 Jun 2010 at 12:42 am #
Ok as far as power goes I think water power is the best option…in theory. First of all where are you going to find a source of running water? Rivers and creeks if your in the “wild” or maybe sewers, hilly street or LA River style shit (by the way cities bad place to be) if you are in the city. Well cities are bad so I won’t bother talking about those. Now if you happen to live by a RSoC (River, Stream or Creek) or are able to make it to one what kind of protection is there? Unless you have had time to build and fortify AND occupy a “base” a power plant in the open isn’t a great idea. Playing CoD and listening to your iPod is great unless you have no walls to keep the zombies from tearing you into pieces! If you have a River city then more power to you. Most of us however will not have this luxury. I’d recommend the bike method to charge batteries for the things you actually NEED. Fuck the iPod. Plus if you have some sort of transport the bike is relatively easy to pack up and leave in a pinch.
The gun thing while highly amusing is useless…Although one thing did occur to me. For pure amusement once you have RIVER CITY up and running sticking some of these at say the outer wall (RIVER CITY should have at least 2 walls) it would be fun to play “who can hit the zombie first?” The winner gets a extra skittle at desert maybe?
Isabel on 24 Jul 2010 at 8:16 am #
How doo u make the.
macgyvering-101-part-2-of-3-necessity-is-the-mother-of-invention/
Angryvikingman on 24 Jul 2010 at 9:42 am #
Please elaborate.
wheelgunner on 11 Aug 2010 at 11:51 pm #
I don’t know about dissing the ghetto gun. The Japanese killed men for centuries using simple muskets. In Idia, they still hand forge matchlock smoothbore muskets for hunting with. And grapeshot cannon can be rigged from steel pipe with a fuze hole cut in it. While not fancy or zombirific, mortal humans will flee in abject fear when confronted with a good volley or two.
Also, use soap to break the binding on the black powder before you dry it out and oil it.
orbo on 06 Sep 2010 at 4:33 am #
Most motorcycles have the generator/alternator hidden behind the left side engine cases.
Depending on the bike; drain the oil, remove the cases (Some bikes have the flywheel in oil, others don’t).
Again depending on the bike, there will be a “flywheel” on the end of the crankshaft, with the coils hidden on a plate under the flywheel. To remove the flywheel you will need to rattle gun the nut of the shaft (or immobilize the flywheel and remove nut with a braker bar.)
You then need a flywheel puller tool. Flywheels are lined with magnets and almost impossible to remove by hand. Once the flywheel is of it’s simple enough to take out the half dozen screws holding the plate to the engine, follow the wires out of the case, up the side of the bike till you can unplug them… or just cut them.
Other bikes have the coil plate bolted to the inside of the case covers, so just take the cover with you, should be the same story removeing the flywheel though.
When It comes to mounting the flywheel on a shaft, remember that the shaft will need to be “keyed” to match the flywheel, otherwise it is likely to spin on said shaft.
I would use a ute… I think the americans call them suv’s with a decent sized tray, or a big van, 5 blokes (driver and 4 others) and take a hole bike from a quiet street, will take less then a minute, just throw it in the back, and rip it appart once back at base. You will need to raid a bike shop to find the flywheel puller though.
I would go after a modern fuel injected Honda inline 4 sports bike, Honda love filling thier bikes with electronic rubbish, so the gene will put out a bit of power.
It may be easier to just rip out the entire alternator from a car, I don’t know, never worked on a car before. Hope the info helps.